I heard screams and the rapid pounding of gunfire. Jones himself sat onstage in a throne beneath a sign that read: Those who do not remember the past are condemned to repeat it. The members sang and danced and, by every appearance, were happy. ''I feel a tremendous amount of guilt and remorse for the events that happened,'' he said. She used a telephone in the radio shack to call her sister in California, who arranged to have an airline ticket waiting for her at the airport in Georgetown, Guyana. Twenty years ago this month, Jones and 912 of his followers committed mass suicide at the jungle compound. Layton grew up in an affluent Berkeley family. March 5, 1999. In the months leading up to the trip, my boss, Congressman Leo Ryan, had been contacted by worried constituents whose loved ones were members of a San Francisco-based religious group called the Peoples Temple, which had fled to South America for the promise of a utopian commune led by their preacher, Jim Jones. Somehow, through the encroaching darkness of my final thoughts, I saw my 87-year-old Grandma Emma. She died of cancer in Guyana three weeks before the death ritual. I have no idea how much time passed until I turned my head and opened my eyes. Not long after she left, her parents were rounded up with other Jews and placed on a train to a death camp. [8] In 1983, having earned his GED, he left the Coast Guard and began engaging in criminal activity, mostly loan sharking and bookmaking. Peoples Temple follower Larry Layton, center, stands with police following his arrest in the shooting of two people, including California Congressman Leo Ryan, on a remote Guyana airstrip, Nov. 18, 1978. Her life appears to be light-years from Peoples Temple. Ryan invited members of the press and a few of the Concerned Relatives to join him. Though driven by the kind of underlying insecurity that so often fuels tyrants, Jones appeared to offer hope, redemption, and an idealistic new life. Later that night, Jones had another suicide exercise. [8][9] The 367-page book covers his early life, his string of crimes, and his post-release career. Besides, when had a congressman ever been assassinated on foreign soil while on a congressional delegation trip? Philip Wogaman, President and Mrs. Clintons pastor in Washington, D.C. made additional pleas for commutation of Larrys sentence. [1][2], In 2007, he started the Reality Check Program to help educate at-risk youths on the consequences of breaking the law. But Dr. Layton denied strongly in a separate interview that he had ever been antiSemitic. It wasnt unusual for Temple members to be awakened at dawn over the loudspeaker and summoned to the pavilion for one of his increasingly unhinged sermons. -- the signal that meant an attack was imminent, an excuse for conducting a suicide drill. | AP. See also [ edit] Jim Jones | AP/San Francisco Examiner. And he assigned two of his staff members to come along: Jim Schollaert and me. Hurrying out of bed, Layton would race toward Jones "in my mud-caked boots, past the tin-roofed cabins, past the wooden outdoor showers where we're allowed our two-minute wash at the end of our 11-hour days in the field." Mr. Layton was also convicted of conspiracy in the attempted murder of Richard C. Dwyer, the deputy chief of the United States mission to Guyana, who was among those wounded at the airstrip. [10] He also founded the Reality Check program which aims to show teens the consequences of a criminal life. I was even unaffected by the rice weevils and other strange bugs we ingested daily.". They were issued four T-shirts, four pairs of socks, a toothbrush and toothpaste, four pairs of underwear and a bar of soap. She was entrusted with flights to Europe and Panama to open Temple bank accounts, where Jones stashed the millions he was taking from Temple members who freely gave him their life savings, their homes and just about everything else. Jim Jones with a group of children living at Jonestown, circa 1978. Jones wove his way through the camp, repeating that he wasnt upset that they wanted to leave; it was just that they were doing it in the wrong way. Deborah watched at close hand her brother's mental deterioration under Mr. Jones's oppressiveness: Larry had been very hung upon Carolyn, he loved her, and Jim took her away from him and gave him Karen, but then he took Karen away, too. And, I thought of them like Mormons. In 1972, Mr. Jones married Deborah Layton and Philip Blakey. ''This is a criminal case against Larry Layton,'' he said. Jim Jones, and 912 of his followers died by poison and gunfire in mass killings and suicides. Is the Stanley Quencher tumbler worth its TikTok hype? As I shook his hand, I looked at his sideburns. Traumatizing family rifts erupted on the spot, with mothers and fathers engaged in literal tug-of-wars over their children. All I could think was I am not going to make Grandma live through my funeral. [15][18], In 1996, there was a robbery of a jeweler in Fairless Hills, Pennsylvania. Over the next decade, Jones moved his congregation and changed its name several times before settling on Peoples Temple around 1964. [29][13] The program is four hours long. [11] He then began robbing jewelry stores along the Atlantic Coast,[3] using his contacts within the Gambino crime family to fence the stolen merchandise. Instead he proposed a better use of law enforcement resources would be to "help inmates with drug addiction. To preserve these articles as they originally appeared, The Times does not alter, edit or update them. [43] He also hosted a local talk radio show. By that time, darker elements had seeped into Jones sermons. This is a digitized version of an article from The Timess print archive, before the start of online publication in 1996. '', See the article in its original context from. [28], After release he went to Palm Bay, Florida and started LL Research and Consulting and met a business partner. His mother and father were cousins who had lived on adjoining estates, and in earlier generations the family's land, worked by slaves, had been prosperous. Not a single person we spoke to expressed a desire to leave, not even those whose family members had flown all the way to Guyana. My list kept growingwhat started with two names was now more than 40. A former high school teacher, he was swept into politics by the idealism of the Kennedy era and elected mayor of South San Francisco before running for state Assembly. Besides, when had a congressman ever been assassinated on foreign soil while on a congressional delegation trip? So many people wanted to defect that we had to call Georgetown to request an extra plane. As a subscriber, you have 10 gift articles to give each month. Jones had a penchant for suddenly getting on the compound loudspeaker long after everyone had gone to bed and shouting, "White Night! One of the defectors wed interviewed claimed that Jones dyed them black. Larry shot and wounded two people at the Port Kaituma airstrip on 18 November 1978, and he attempted to shoot a third. He is serving a life sentence in the federal prison at Lompoc. He preached a social gospel, attracting devotees while promoting a community that did not discriminate or take into account race, background, or previous circumstances. Youll see what a wonderful place it is. He took us on a tour highlighting the most favorable aspects of the commune. Mr. Layton's first trial ended in a mistrial on Sept. 26, 1981, when the jury was unable to reach a verdict on any of the counts. The hundreds of elderly were told that if they attempted escape, they would be left to die prolonged deaths alone in the depths of the jungle. As a subscriber, you have 10 gift articles to give each month. One, Karen Layton, died in the carnage at Jonestown. It was a mass murder. With its bell-ringing calls for social justice -- this was in the fractious 1960s and early '70s -- the little-known church near Ukiah catered to the closet revolutionary in Deborah Layton. Although he had no formal training as a minister and no affiliation with any organized religion, his high-octane enthusiasm and open-armed policy attracted a diverse range of followers. I was one of Larry's lead lawyers in his first U.S. trial in 1981, which resulted in an 11 to 1 vote for acquittal on faulty charges of conspiracy to kill the congressman. Then-State Assemblyman Leo J. Ryan behind the bars in a Folsom prison cell in Feb. 1970, where he spent a week living as an inmate to learn needs for reform. In the weeks leading up to the White House decision on the petition, a number of former congressmen and religious leaders including Rev. [2] The book is published in Italy, France, Australia, Germany, Thailand and United Kingdom. Wiki Bio of Larry Layton net worth is updated in 2023. I did not recover my old self; bullets render that impossible. ''Look at whether their feelings against Jones were spilling over toward Larry Layton. Her brother, Larry, later became the only person ever charged in connection with the airstrip massacre and, after two trials, was convicted in 1986 of conspiring to murder Ryan. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Larrys parole came two years earlier than his previously-scheduled release date of April 2004. Larry's parole came two years earlier than his previously-scheduled release date of April 2004. An uncle, Dr. James Franck, won the Nobel Prize for physics in 1935. Five months later, on the night of November 18, 1978, Jones sent a gang of gunmen to an airstrip in Port Kaituma, where Representative Leo Ryan of San Mateo and a fact-finding party that had visited Jonestown were preparing to leave. Layton was attracted to the Utopian principles of the temple and its multi-racial flock, living and working together under the guidance of Jones, a combination professed faith-healer and leftist political prophet. Individually, their insistence would have been hard to question. Repeatedly, the defectors mentioned forced participation in mass-suicide rehearsals known as the White Night trials.. Larry Howard Layton, 80, of Green Valley, AZ passed away December 10, 2020 from complications of COVID-19. Initially she was allowed to recuperate in a cabin of her own, but later she was moved into a crowded dormitorystyle cabin with other elderly women. Jones had become increasingly paranoid, convinced that the CIA, the FBI and the media were out to destroy him. We compiled similar testimonies from other defectors who corroborated Debbies reports of physical and sexual abuse, forced labor and captivity. How could I not like the good things they were doing?. They reported the car's license plate, which linked the car to Lawton. Never one to accept second-hand information, he decided to embark on a fact-findingand potentially life-savingtrip. Meanwhile, Dr. Layton said, A difficult new field of science in molecular biology was opening, and he began to spend more and more time studying it. He said that some of the recipients could be innocent. That date was later moved back to April 2004, after the board credited him for his time in the Georgetown jail. Larry, sister Debbie and their mother, Lisa, all joined the temple while it was located in California. But, as interviews last week with family members and friends revealed, the Laytons slowly disintegrated under the pressures of family conflict, the disillusionment that gripped much of America during the 1960's, drug use, and the soothing, simplistic appeal of Mr. Jones. And it wasn't an isolated incident. Increasing numbers of people approached us. Her childhood playmates included cousins and friends from some of the bestknown families of Germany's Jewish aristocracy, such as the Berensons and Rothschilds. Mr. Jones, they said, could cure cancer. Before the New West issue hit the stands, Jones and hundreds of his followers had left San Francisco for Jonestown, their promised land in Guyana. Alternative Considerations of Jonestown & Peoples Temple. In a cabin with about six women from the Temple, I took a top bunk, sweating as a downpour opened up outside. [15] The robbers took $480,000 ($910,600.81 in 2022)[17] worth of gold and diamonds making it the biggest robbery in the city's history. He treasured it. As I was lying seven miles away waiting for medical help, Sam Houstons granddaughters, Patricia and Judy, 14 and 15, were murdered, along with their mother, dozens of other would-be defectors and the rest of the Peoples Temple. But at the time, none of that occurred to me; I was thrilled to be working for a candidate I believed inone who always treated me with respect. bout wiki. [30][33] He was the first ex-con to ever become an honorary police officer. It made no sense that he would be trying to leave Jonestown. [10] High school students can use the time spent in the program towards the 75 hours of community service required for the Bright Futures Scholarship Program. But her childhood, she said later, was not a happy one. Dr. Layton was perplexed by his wife's behavior but began sleeping beside her on the floor. The letters were presented during the hearing which resulted in a recommendation for Larrys release. He told you precisely what was on his mind, no matter who you were or whether or not you wanted to hear it. I was kicked. A man followed him and slipped a folded piece of paper into his hand, then disappeared back into the crowd. While on the phone listening to the allegations that would soon be made public, Jones scribbled a note to his aides: We leave tonight.. But when Larry Layton was growing up in the 1920's, the land was not worth much. Onboard, every bump we hit shot an arrow of pain through my body. The hospital was not far from the People's Temple community Mr. Jones had established in Redwood Valley. In 1978, I went to Guyana on a fact-finding mission. Mr. Layton believes that his wife gave Mr. Jones at least $250,000 and possibly more; he said she had some secret accounts of her own that apparently contained money from her father. Layton was accused of conspiracy to murder in the November,1978, violence that triggered the mass deaths -- the airstrip attack on Rep. Leo Ryan and his party in which the congressman and four others were killed. All of those people I had been standing beside, speaking to, sharing a cabin with. [18], Lawton is believed to have hit around 20 to 25 jewelry stores,[11] stealing a self-estimated total of around $1518 million worth of high-value items, including watches, diamonds, and other gems. To preserve these articles as they originally appeared, The Times does not alter, edit or update them. When Deborah came home from school in England in 1971, she brought a boyfriend, George Philip Blakey, a fellow Quaker and the son of a welltodo farming family in Northumberland. View Source Suggest Edits Memorial Photos Flowers Created by: Mike Added: 6 Apr 2021 He was not paroled from an American prison until 2002. Layton, 35, emerged as the only defendant alive and available for prosecution in the government's attempt to exact justice from the Jonestown horrors. "The reason I did well," Layton says now, "is that I'm a little soldier and I follow orders so well.". "[10], While in prison in 2003, Lawton was sent to solitary confinement for 27 days as punishment. I knew him well enough to understand what would happen next. It was the final stop for a group that for nearly 10 years had fascinated and, in the end, horrified the Bay Area. Last year, Mrs. Layton became ill, and the diagnosis was what she feared most cancer. Judge Peckham imposed the same five-year parole date on those counts. [30] In 2009, the Brevard County Sheriff's Office spent $4500 on 500 DVDs from the Reality Check program. | AP. Sure enough, I could tell he had. On the plane to Guyana, Nov. 18, 1978. I just needed to hang on. The bodies of Jones and 912 cult followers lay sprawled under the tropical trees of the commune, victims of an incredible murder-suicide rite. Lisa Layton was the next member of the family to join the cult. Mr. Layton cried as his attorney described conditions at Jonestown and said that many prosecution witnesses must feel guilty for leaving loved ones behind to die. Five bullets had ripped through me, devastating the right side of my body. ''Why not pin this on Larry Layton, then close the book and not look at the hard questions of why Leo Ryan and all those Americans died?'' Larry Layton was the only person prosecuted for any of the events in and around Jonestown. It was just a matter of time. Asserting that the Government wanted to make Mr. Layton a scapegoat for the Jonestown massacre, he said, ''From the State Department point of view, from the U.S. Embassy point of view, the whole matter would be easily resolved if you blamed Larry Layton.'' 'I was a fool to leave California, but then I was a fool long before that,' he said. Members of the press and the Concerned Relatives waited behind on the airstrip until the truck could come back for a second load. "And I thought, if I get hit by a truck, my epitaph will be, 'Jonestown survivor dies on Bay Bridge.' The motion contends that Mr. Layton should be given a new trial because his previous defense attorneys did not know and thus failed to inform him that he faced a mandatory sentence of life in prison if convicted on the count of aiding and abetting in Mr. Ryan's murder. The morning after our arrival, Congressman Ryan, Jim Schollaert and I attended a closed-door briefing by Ambassador John Burke and his staff at the U.S. Embassy. Larry Layton, a former member of the People's Temple, broke into tears today at his trial on charges of conspiring to commit murder as his attorney told jurors not to make him a scapegoat ''for the horror of Jonestown.''. Its hard to know when it became obvious that he was dead, or when I realized that others werent pretending. Tony Tamburello, the defense attorney, told jurors in his closing arguments that the prosecutors had sensationalized the case against Mr. Layton in the three-week trial in Federal District Court. While he was never charged with shooting Mr. Ryan, the Government contended that Mr. Layton conspired with Mr. Jones and other cult members to kill the Congressman and others in his group to prevent them from returning to the United States with negative reports about Jonestown. Tom Layton, Larry's older brother, reported to his father that Larry had complained repeatedly of what a awful father the scientist had been. As he grew older, Dr. Layton gravitated from Methodism to Quakerism, a faith with roots in the Reformation whose tenets included nonviolence, racial and religious toleration, rigorous selfdiscipline, and love and good works for the needy. Please help us get out of Jonestown. Soon after, Don was approached by another member, who claimed that many Temple members desperately wanted to leave but were too terrified to come forward. [28] Often he appears discussing crimes in the media as an expert on robberies. Larry Layton Biography It looks like we don't have any Biography for Larry Layton yet. Her book "Seductive Poison" will be in bookstores in November. But finally her cancer became so advanced that It was necessary for surgeons to remove a lung. [15] The robbers had dropped off jewelry for repairs, and later returned to rob the store. The land later became the site of a large Union Carbide plant. 'Being in Peoples Temple wasn't always pleasant, but one had the feeling he was really doing something to advance society. She carne back from that meeting in a state of shock, as if she had seen a ghost, her husband recalled. He spoke often of apocalypseJones chose Redwood Valley because he believed it was one of a few places in the country that could survive a nuclear holocaustyet insisted the Peoples Temple would exist as a sort of heaven on Earth, with himself in the role of God. The shootings took place on one of the airplanes which were to take the party of Congressman Leo Ryan to Georgetown after his visit to Jonestown. The campaign succeeded in making it to the Oval Office, and seemed to be viable up until 20 January 2001, President Clintons last day in office, but Larrys name did not appear on the final list of pardons and commutations. In San Francisco, his church was lauded for its social programs, and Jones efforts to feed the poor and fight segregation found receptive ears with progressive politicians. Port Royal Speedway hosts a weekly schedule of local Sprint Car, Late Model, and Pro-Stock dirt track racing, and is nicknamed "The Speed Palace".Several national touring series organizations visit the track during the racing season, including the World of Outlaws . In 1996, the family and friends of Larry launched a campaign for a presidential commutation. I was almost one of them. ", "Every week we're promised death, a relief from this miserable life. Earlier, United States Attorney Joseph P. Russoniello asked Judge Peckham to sentence the 40-year-old defendant to life in prison, serving a minimum of 20 years before being considered for parole. Ever on the alert for malcontents, Jones would order recalcitrant Temple members -- those who questioned his authority -- into "The Box," a stifling underground cubicle the size of a coffin. Family Tragedy: Hitler's Germany to Jones's Cult, https://www.nytimes.com/1978/12/04/archives/family-tragedy-hitlers-germany-to-joness-cult-the-layton-familys.html. He is bewildered at how it all happened, groping for an explanation of what he called a Greek tragedy.. ", Crimes for which children went to the well included "stealing food from the kitchen, expressing homesickness, failing a socialism exam, or even natural childish rebelliousness.". Id come to Guyana as a congressional aide on a fact-finding mission. At 16, Im not sure I understood what a state assemblyman did, but when my parents received a solicitation from Leo Ryans reelection campaign in 1966, I mailed back a note: Im in high school. ( 2007-01-15) [1] Jonestown: Paradise Lost is a 2007 documentary television film on the History Channel about the final days of Jonestown, the Peoples Temple, and Jim Jones. Dick Dwyer, an embassy official, showed us a slideshow of his visit to Jonestown the previous Mayimages in which he and Jim Jones looked unnervingly chummy; images of tables filled with food, of joyful children on a swingset, of bountiful crops and an exuberant church session. ", "I thought, what a waste. [39] Other issues he is concerned with include prison conditions as well as post-release debt loads and their influence on unemployed ex-convicts. Deborah nursed her mother and tried to conceal that a physician had told her the cancer was fatal. By all accounts, Layton was on a small plane about to leave Jonestown when the plot to kill Ryan was set in motion. [6][11] In 2010, Lawton filmed the pilot and sizzle reel for Lawton's Law, a reality show based on his work with at-risk youth. I spoke with a woman named Edith Parks, the matriarch of three generations of Temple members who wanted out. Suddenly, my body was crushed by a blow to my side. He said the accusation probably been inspired by Mr. Jones as part of a systematic effort to break up families in the church. In some way, I think he was a substitute husband and father figure who filled all the needs that I failed to give.. Vernon Gosney and Monica Bagby, it read. Chief among my concerns was how cozy Jones appeared to be with members of the embassy: How could any Jonestown resident feel safe reporting an injustice to a U.S. official who is arm in arm with Jim Jones in every image? Extradited to the U.S. after a Guyana jury found him not guilty of murder, Larry was tried twice on four charges related to the shootings, including Conspiracy to Kill a Congressman. Occasionally the digitization process introduces transcription errors or other problems; we are continuing to work to improve these archived versions. Larry Layton can be an professional, known for Get away to Grizzly Hill (2000) and Viva . Deborah said that before her escape she had obtained a bottle of wine and taken it to the commune against Mr. Jones's rules. I grew up with the Bible and the Puritan work ethic, he recalled in an interview. To access these PDF files you must have the free Adobe Reader installed. Of the more than 900 members of Joness congregation who had moved there, nearly a third were children. Nearly 300 children were administered the poison, including a number of infants in the arms of their parents. Layton did so. In the summer of 1978, Lisa Philips Layton died of cancer in Jonestown, Guyana, three months before the Rev. Jones greeted us at the compound. (It was the 60s.) In fact, I would have been on that truck, with a rifle. He got a job as a student pastor at the Somerset Methodist Church in a poor, predominantly white neighborhood in Indianapolis. She said that she knew that to do so would endanger her mother and brother because Mr. Jones kept dissident members in line by holding relatives hostage. Among them were George Moscone, who the Peoples Temple played a significant role in electing mayor in 1975, and Harvey Milk, the pioneering openly gay city supervisor, who went so far as to write a letter to President Jimmy Carter extolling Joness work and rebutting charges that he was abusive. Layton said the temple started out as a civil rights movement and he compared Jones to Martin Luther King Jr., but 'obviously things turned out differently,' he said. Her mother, on discovering that her husband was having an affair with Lisa's English governess, gave Lisa a detailed account of it and threatened to commit suicide. After that trip, I remember telling myself that never again would I witness such violence at such close range. At the pavilion for breakfast, I did my best to appear unruffled. 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